Introduction:
Biology is the branch of science that deals with the study of living organisms and life processes. It helps us understand the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution of living beings. Biology has several major branches. Botany studies about plants, Zoology studies about animals, and Microbiology focuses on microorganisms. Genetics deals with heredity and variation, while Ecology studies the relationship between organisms and their environment. Together, these branches help scientists explore life on Earth.
Here are 120+ Simple Biology Gk Question and Answer:
Q.1 What is the study of living organisms called?
Answer: Biology
Q.2 Who is known as the ‘Father of Biology’?
Answer: Aristotle
Q.3 Who is called the ‘Father of Modern Biology’?
Answer: Charles Darwin
Q.4 Who discovered the Cell?
Answer: Robert Hooke, 1665
Q.5 Who is known as the ‘Father of Genetics’?
Answer: Gregor Mendel
Q.6 What is the basic unit of life?
Answer: The Cell
Q.7 Which organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell?
Answer: Mitochondria
Q.8 What is the process by which plants make food called?
Answer: Photosynthesis
Q.9 What is the study of plants called?
Answer: Botany
Q.10 What is the study of animals called?
Answer: Zoology
Also Read:
50+ Basic Gk MCQs About Biology
Q.11 Which blood cells help in clotting?
Answer: Platelets
Q.12 Which blood cells helps to fight with infections?
Answer: White Blood Cells (WBCs)
Q.13 What is the normal pH of human blood?
Answer: Between 7.35 to 7.45
Q.14 Which organ purifies blood in the human body?
Answer: Kidney
Q.15 What is the largest organ in the human body?
Answer: Skin
Q.16 What is the longest bone in the human body?
Answer: Femur
Q.17 How many chromosomes are present in human body cells?
Answer: 46
Q.18 Which vitamin is obtained from sunlight?
Answer: Vitamin D
Q.19 Which part of the brain controls balance of the body?
Answer: Cerebellum
Q.20 What is the liquid part of blood called?
Answer: Plasma
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Q.21 Which gas is released during photosynthesis?
Answer: Oxygen
Q.22 Which gas is used by plants in photosynthesis?
Answer: Carbon dioxide
Q.23 What is the unit of heredity?
Answer: Gene
Q.24 What is the full form of DNA?
Answer: Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Q.25 Who discovered DNA structure?
Answer: James Watson and Francis Crick
Q.26 What is the study of microorganisms called?
Answer: Microbiology
Q.27 Which organ produces insulin?
Answer: Pancreas
Q.28 What is the normal temperature of the human body?
Answer: 37°C (98.6°F)
Q.29 Which blood group is known as universal donor?
Answer: O negative (O-)
Q.30 Which blood group is known as universal recipient?
Answer: AB-positive (AB+)
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Q.31 Which is the hardest substance in the human body?
Answer: Tooth enamel
Q.32 Which organ stores bile?
Answer: Gall bladder
Q.33 What is the largest gland in the human body?
Answer: Liver
Q.34 Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
Answer: Vitamin K
Q.35 Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin C?
Answer: Scurvy
Q.36 Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D?
Answer: Rickets
Q.37 What is the study of fungi called?
Answer: Mycology
Q.38 Which microorganism causes malaria?
Answer: Plasmodium
Q.39 Which mosquito spreads malaria?
Answer: Female Anopheles mosquito
Q.40 What is the breathing organ in fish?
Answer: Gills
Q.41 What is the breathing organ in humans?
Answer: Lungs
Q.42 Which part of the plant conducts water?
Answer: Xylem
Q.43 Which part transports food in plants?
Answer: Phloem
Q.44 What is the outermost layer of the skin?
Answer: Epidermis
Q.45 Which hormone controls growth?
Answer: Growth hormone
Q.46 What is the scientific name of humans?
Answer: Homo sapiens
Q.47 Which organ controls the body activities?
Answer: Brain
Q.48 What is the study of tissues called?
Answer: Histology
Q.49 Which vitamin deficiency causes pellagra?
Answer: Vitamin B3
Q.50 What is the largest cell in the human body?
Answer: Ovum (Egg Cell)
Q.51 Which is the smallest bone in the human body?
Answer: Stapes
Q.52 Which blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Answer: Arteries
Q.53 Which blood vessel carries blood to the heart?
Answer: Veins
Q.54 What is the main function of red blood cells?
Answer: Transport oxygen
Q.55 Which pigment is present in red blood cells?
Answer: Haemoglobin
Q.56 What is the study of birds called?
Answer: Ornithology
Q.57 Which organ is affected by hepatitis?
Answer: Liver
Q.58 Which part of plant develops into fruit?
Answer: Ovary
Q.59 What is the full form of RNA?
Answer: Ribonucleic Acid
Q.60 Which organelle controls cell activities?
Answer: Nucleus
Q.61 Which part of the eye controls light entry?
Answer: The Iris and The Pupil
Q.62 Which blood component fights germs?
Answer: White blood cells
Q.63 Which part of the plant prepares food?
Answer: Leaf
Q.64 What is the process of cell division in body cells called?
Answer: Mitosis
Q.65 What is the process of cell division in sex cells called?
Answer: Mitosis
Q.66 Which vitamin deficiency causes night blindness?
Answer: Vitamin A
Q.67 What is the study of insects called?
Answer: Entomology
Q.68 Which part of the digestive system absorbs nutrients?
Answer: Small intestine
Q.69 Which organelle is present only in plant cells?
Answer: Chloroplast
Q.70 What is the functional unit of kidney?
Answer: Nephron
Q.71 Which part of the plant absorbs water?
Answer: Root
Q.72 What is the study of fossils called?
Answer: Palaeontology
Q.73 Which organ helps in speech?
Answer: Larynx
Q.74 Which organ helps in pumping blood?
Answer: Heart
Q.75 What is the average human heart rate?
Answer: 72 beats per minute
Q.76 Which part of the brain controls thinking?
Answer: Cerebrum
Q.77 Which vitamin deficiency causes Beriberi?
Answer: Vitamin B1
Q.78 Which vitamin deficiency causes Anemia?
Answer: Iron deficiency
Q.79 What is the normal blood pressure of humans?
Answer: 120/80 mmHg
Q.80 What is the study of the human body called?
Answer: Anatomy
Q.81 Which microorganism is used in making curd?
Answer: Lactobacillus
Q.82 Which process converts sugar into alcohol?
Answer: Fermentation
Q.83 Which kingdom includes bacteria?
Answer: Monera
Q.84 What is the scientific name of the housefly?
Answer: Musca domestica
Q.85 What is the study of algae called?
Answer: Phycology
Q.86 Which disease is caused by lack of iodine?
Answer: Goitre
Q.87 Which part of the ear helps in hearing?
Answer: Cochlea
Q.88 What is the largest part of the brain?
Answer: Cerebrum
Q.89 Which blood group system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner?
Answer: ABO blood group system
Q.90 Which organ removes urea from blood?
Answer: Kidney
Q.91 What is the study of cells called?
Answer: Cytology
Q.92 What is the study of viruses called?
Answer: Virology
Q.93 Which vitamin is also called ascorbic acid?
Answer: Vitamin C
Q.94 Which disease is known as the silent killer?
Answer: Hypertension
Q.95 What is the basic unit of classification?
Answer: Species
Q.96 Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution?
Answer: Charles Darwin
Q.97 What is the study of heredity called?
Answer: Genetics
Q.98 Which organelle is known as suicidal bag?
Answer: Lysosome
Q.99 Which part of the plant is reproductive organ?
Answer: Flower
Q.100 What is the main function of the skeleton?
Answer: Support and protection
Q.101 Which part of digestive system stores food temporarily?
Answer: Stomach
Q.102 Which part of blood carries oxygen?
Answer: Red blood cells
Q.103 What is the study of environment called?
Answer: Ecology
Q.104 Which gas is most abundant in air?
Answer: Nitrogen
Q.105 What is the largest mammal in the world?
Answer: Blue whale
Q.106 Which organ helps in detoxification?
Answer: Liver
Q.107 What is the process of breathing called?
Answer: Respiration
Q.108 Which element is essential for haemoglobin?
Answer: Iron
Q.109 Which plant hormone promotes growth?
Answer: Auxin
Q.110 What is the outer covering of cell called?
Answer: Cell membrane
Q.111 Which part of plant anchors it to soil?
Answer: Root
Q.112 Which hormone is called emergency hormone?
Answer: Adrenaline (also known as Epinephrine)
Q.113 Which disease spreads through contaminated water?
Answer: Cholera
Q.114 What is the study of reptiles called?
Answer: Herpetology
Q.115 What is the study of fish called?
Answer: Ichthyology
Q.116 Which nutrient is main source of energy?
Answer: Carbohydrates
Q.117 Which part of eye forms image?
Answer: Retina
Q.118 Which blood cells lack nucleus?
Answer: Red blood cells
Q.119 What is the life process of breaking food called?
Answer: Digestion
Q.120 Which organ controls breathing rate?
Answer: Medulla oblongata
Q.121 Which blood vessel has valves?
Answer: Vein
Q.122 Which microorganism causes tuberculosis?
Answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Q.123 What is the process of water loss in plants called?
Answer: Transpiration
Q.124 Which part of neuron receives impulses?
Answer: Dendrite
Q.125 Which disease is caused by insulin deficiency?
Answer: Diabetes mellitus
Conclusions:
In conclusion, Biology is a vital science that helps us understand the living world and the processes that sustain life. It plays an important role in improving human health, protecting the environment, and increasing agricultural productivity. Through its various branches, Biology provides knowledge that supports scientific discoveries and technological advancements.
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