Introduction:
India’s Freedom Struggle from 1900 to 1947 was a important phase in the history of modern India and is highly important for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway, and State PSCs. This period witnessed major movements such as the Swadeshi Movement, Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, and Quit India Movement under the leadership of national leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Subhas Chandra Bose, and Bhagat Singh. Revolutionary activities, constitutional reforms, and mass participation played a significant role in weakening British rule. Understanding this period helps students grip the evolution of Indian nationalism and the road to independence in 1947.
Below given 50+ Gk MCQs about India’s Freedom Struggle from 1900 to 1947:
Q.1 The Swadeshi Movement was launched after the partition of which province in 1905?
A) Punjab
B) Bengal
C) Bombay
D) Madras
Answer: B) Bengal
Q.2 Who was the Viceroy of India during the Partition of Bengal in 1905?
A) Lord Curzon
B) Lord Ripon
C) Lord Mountbatten
D) Lord Wellesley
Answer: A) Lord Curzon
Q.3 Which organization was formed by revolutionary nationalists in Bengal?
A) Ghadar Party
B) Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
C) Anushilan Samiti
D) Muslim League
Answer: C) Anushilan Samiti, 1902
Q.4 The All-India Muslim League was founded in which place?
A) Lahore
B) Karachi
C) Dhaka
D) Delhi
Answer: C) Dhaka
Q.5 Who gave the slogan “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it”?
A) Bipin Chandra Pal
B) Lala Lajpat Rai
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Answer: C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Q.6 The Surat Split of the Indian National Congress took place in:
A) 1905
B) 1906
C) 1907
D) 1908
Answer: C) 1907
Q.7 Who founded the Home Rule League in Madras in 1916?
A) Annie Besant
B) Sarojini Naidu
C) Aruna Asaf Ali
D) Madam Bhikaji Cama
Answer: A) Annie Besant
Q.8 The Ghadar Party was founded in which country?
A) India
B) Britain
C) Germany
D) USA
Answer: D) USA
Q.9 Who founded the Ghadar Party?
A) Lala Hardayal
B) Bhagat Singh
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Answer: A) Lala Hardayal
Q.10 Who authored the book “India Wins Freedom”?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: B) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Q.11 Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in which year?
A) 1913
B) 1914
C) 1915
D) 1916
Answer: C) 1915
Q.12 Gandhi’s first successful satyagraha in India was held at –
A) Champaran
B) Bardoli
C) Ahmedabad
D) Kheda
Answer: A) Champaran, Bihar
Q.13 The Champaran Satyagraha was related to which issue?
A) Cotton farmers
B) Indigo farmers
C) Tea plantation workers
D) Mill workers
Answer: B) Indigo farmers
Q.14 Which Act was passed in 1919 to curb political activities?
A) Pitt’s India Act
B) Vernacular Press Act
C) Rowlatt Act
D) Regulating Act
Answer: C) Rowlatt Act
Q.15 The Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place at –
A) Delhi
B) Lahore
C) Amritsar
D) Kanpur
Answer: C) Amritsar
Q.16 Who was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?
A) General Dyer
B) Lord Curzon
C) Lord Irwin
D) Warren Hastings
Answer: A) General Dyer
Q.17 Which revolutionary threw bombs in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929?
A) Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt
B) Chandra Shekhar Azad and Rajguru
C) Subhash Chandra Bose and Captain Laxmi Sehgal
D) Ramprasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan
Answer: A) Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt
Q.18 The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in which year?
A) 1919
B) 1920
C) 1921
D) 1922
Answer: B) 1920
Q.19 Which incident led to the withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
A) Kakori Incident
B) Chauri Chaura Incident
C) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
D) Dandi March
Answer: B) Chauri Chaura Incident, 1922
Q.20 The Chauri Chaura incident occurred in present-day state?
A) Bihar
B) Uttar Pradesh
C) Punjab
D) Gujarat
Answer: B) Uttar Pradesh
Q.21 Who founded the Swaraj Party in 1923?
A) Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das
B) Mahatma Gandhi and Sardar Patel
C) Gangadhar Tilak and Lajpat Rai
D) Bhagat Singh and Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer: A) Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das
Q.22 The Kakori Train Robbery took place in which year?
A) 1923
B) 1924
C) 1925
D) 1926
Answer: C) 1925
Q.23 Bhagat Singh was associated with which organization?
A) Forward Bloc
B) HSRA
C) Muslim League
D) Congress Socialist Party
Answer: B) HSRA (Hindustan Socialist Republican Association)
Q.24 The Simon Commission arrived in India in which year?
A) 1926
B) 1927
C) 1928
D) 1929
Answer: C) 1928
Q.25 Who died after a police lathi charge during the protest against Simon Commission?
A) Bipin Chandra Pal
B) Lala Lajpat Rai
C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
D) Subhas Chandra Bose
Answer: B) Lala Lajpat Rai
Q.26 The slogan “Inquilab Zindabad” was popularized by whom?
A) Chandrashekhar Azad
B) Bhagat Singh
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Rajguru
Answer: B) Bhagat Singh
Q.27 The Lahore Session of Congress in 1929 declared what?
A) Dominion Status
B) Complete Independence
C) Partition of India
D) Boycott of elections
Answer: B) Complete Independence
Q.28 Who presided over the Lahore Session of Congress in 1929?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Sardar Vallabha Bhai Patel
D) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: B) Jawaharlal Nehru
Q.29 The Civil Disobedience Movement began with –
A) Quit India Movement
B) Dandi March
C) Swadeshi Movement
D) Bardoli Satyagraha
Answer: B) Dandi March
Q.30 The Dandi March started from where?
A) Sabarmati Ashram
B) Wardha Ashram
C) Champaran
D) Bardoli
Answer: A) Sabarmati Ashram
Q.31 The Dandi March was related to the protest against –
A) Land tax
B) Salt tax
C) Income tax
D) Forest laws
Answer: B) Salt tax
Q.32 Gandhi-Irwin Pact was signed in which year?
A) 1930
B) 1931
C) 1932
D) 1933
Answer: B) 1931
Q.33 The First Round Table Conference was held in –
A) Bombay
B) Delhi
C) London
D) Lahore
Answer: C) London
Q.34 Which leader attended the Second Round Table Conference?
A) Bhagat Singh
B) Mahatma Gandhi
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer: B) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.35 The Communal Award was announced by whom?
A) Lord Mountbatten
B) Ramsay MacDonald
C) Lord Curzon
D) Clement Attlee
Answer: B) Ramsay MacDonald
Q.36 The Poona Pact was signed between Gandhi and whom?
A) B.R. Ambedkar
B) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Sardar Vallabha Bhai Patel
Answer: A) B.R. Ambedkar
Q.37 Who founded the Forward Bloc in 1939?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: C) Subhas Chandra Bose
Q.38 The Congress ministries resigned in 1939 because of what?
A) India was divided
B) British involved India in World War II without consultation
C) Gandhi retired
D) Simon Commission arrived
Answer: B) British involved India in World War II without consultation
Q.39 The title “Sardar” was given to Vallabhbhai Patel after which event?
A) Champaran Movement
B) Bardoli Satyagraha
C) Dandi March
D) Quit India Movement
Answer: B) Bardoli Satyagraha
Q.40 Who gave the slogan “Give me blood, and I will give you freedom”?
A) Bhagat Singh
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Maulana Hasrat Mohani
D) Ramprasad Bismil
Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Q.41 The Indian National Army was reorganized by whom?
A) Rash Behari Bose
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Sardar Vallabhbhai Pate
D) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
Q.42 The Quit India Movement was launched in which year?
A) 1940
B) 1941
C) 1942
D) 1943
Answer: C) 1942
Q.43 The Quit India Movement resolution was passed at which place?
A) Karachi
B) Bombay
C) Lahore
D) Calcutta
Answer: B) Bombay
Q.44 The slogan “Do or Die” is associated with whom?
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Mahatma Gandhi
D) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
Answer: C) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.45 Which mission came to India in 1942?
A) Simon Mission
B) Cripps Mission
C) Cabinet Mission
D) Wavell Mission
Answer: B) Cripps Mission
Q.46 The INA (Indian National Army) trials were held at –
A) Red Fort
B) Gateway of India
C) India Gate
D) Fort William
Answer: A) Red Fort
Q.47 Who among the following was NOT an INA officer tried at the Red Fort?
A) Shah Nawaz Khan
B) Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon
C) Prem Kumar Sehgal
D) Mohan Singh
Answer: D) Mohan Singh
Q.48 The demand for Pakistan was formally made in which resolution?
A) Lahore Resolution
B) Karachi Resolution
C) Dhaka Resolution
D) Pakistan Resolution
Answer: A) Lahore Resolution
Q.49 Who unfurled the Indian National Flag on the banks of the Ravi River in 1929?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Subhas Chandra Bose
C) Jawaharlal Nehru
D) Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar
Answer: C) Jawaharlal Nehru
Q.50 Which plan proposed the partition of India?
A) August Offer
B) Mountbatten Plan
C) Cripps Proposal
D) Wavell Plan
Answer: B) Mountbatten Plan
Q.51 India became independent on:
A) 26th January 1950
B) 15th August 1947
C) 9th August 1942
D) 26th November 1949
Answer: B) 15th August 1947
Q.52 Who was the last Viceroy of British India?
A) Lord Irwin
B) Lord Curzon
C) Lord Mountbatten
D) Lord Wavell
Answer: C) Lord Mountbatten
Q.53 “Vande Mataram” was written by whom?
A) Rabindranath Tagore
B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
C) Sarojini Naidu
D) Subramania Bharati
Answer: B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Q.54 Who designed the Indian National Flag adopted in 1947?
A) Pingali Venkayya
B) Usha Mehta
C) Sucheta Kripalani
D) Rani Gaidinliu
Answer: A) Pingali Venkayya
Q.55 The slogan “Jai Hind” was popularized by whom?
A) Mahatma Gandhi
B) Bhagat Singh
C) Subhas Chandra Bose
D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: C) Subhas Chandra Bose
Conclusion:
India’s Freedom Struggle from 1900 to 1947 was a long and determined movement that united people from different regions, religions, and backgrounds against British rule. Mass movements led by Mahatma Gandhi, revolutionary activities by leaders like Bhagat Singh and Subhas Chandra Bose, and political negotiations together paved the way for independence on 15 August 1947. From a competitive exam perspective, this period is highly important because questions are frequently asked about major movements, sessions, acts, committees, slogans, and freedom fighters. A clear understanding of this phase helps students strengthen their knowledge of modern Indian history and improve exam preparation.
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